“CPJ is alarmed by the apparently baseless criminal cases lodged against Bangladeshi journalists in retaliation for their work, which is seen as supportive of the recently ousted government,” said CPJ Asia Program Coordinator Beh Lih Yi. “Bangladesh’s interim government should ensure that authorities respect the procedural rights of those accused, as well as their right to a fair trial, while safeguarding the ability of all journalists to report without fear of reprisal.”

Hasina fled to India on August 5 following mass protests that ended her 15-year rule. Dozens of Bangladeshi journalists whose reporting was considered favorable of Hasina’s government have since been targeted in criminal investigations.

On August 31, a court in Bangladesh’s capital Dhaka jailed Farzana Rupa, former principal correspondent at the privately owned, pro-Awami League broadcaster Ekattor TV, and Shakil Ahmed, Rupa’s husband and former head of news at the broadcaster, on judicial remand following nine days in police custody, according to a person familiar with the case, who spoke to CPJ on the condition of anonymity due to fear of reprisal.

Police detained Rupa and Ahmed — who were dismissed from their positions at Ekattor TV on August 8 — at Dhaka’s Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport on August 21. Officers also confiscated the couple’s mobile phones and passports, according to the anonymous source, adding that the journalists were both being held in relation to two cases of instigating murder during the mass protests.

Rupa began receiving an influx of threats in July after questioning Hasina about the protests that ultimately led to her ousting, the anonymous source said.

On September 16, police detained two other Ekattor TV journalists — Mozammel Babu, managing director and editor-in-chief, and Mahbubur Rahman, a senior reporter — along with Shyamal Dutta, editor of the privately owned newspaper Bhorer Kagoj, and their driver, after the group allegedly attempted to illegally enter India from Bangladesh’s northern Mymensingh district.

The following day, a Dhaka court ordered that Babu and Dutta be held in a seven-day police remand in two separate murder cases, while Rahman and the driver were released, according to the anonymous source.

Rupa, Ahmed, Babu, and Dutta were also among the more than two dozen journalists named in an August complaint filed at Bangladesh’s International Crimes Tribunal, a domestic war crimes tribunal, on allegations of involvement in crimes against humanity and genocide during the mass protests.

Twenty-eight other journalists also are facing investigations in connection with the mass protests. On September 4, a court in the southeastern city of Chittagong ordered the Police Bureau of Investigation to probe a criminal complaint filed by a teacher against the journalists and 81 other people.  

The complaint, reviewed by CPJ, cites several sections of the penal code, including promoting enmity between classes, causing grievous hurt, and kidnapping, as well as sections of the Explosive Substances Act of 1908, which can carry a sentence of the death penalty or life imprisonment. It also accuses several privately owned news outlets — including Ekattor TV, Somoy TV, and the Dhaka Tribune newspaper — of failing to publish or broadcast appropriate coverage of the protests.

Enamul Haque Sagor, a Bangladesh police spokesperson, did not respond to CPJ’s calls and WhatsApp messages requesting comment on the latest arrests and investigations.

This content originally appeared on Committee to Protect Journalists and was authored by Committee to Protect Journalists.

Hillary Clinton has come under fire for her Thursday comments about the positive implications if Giorgia Meloni becomes Italy's first woman prime minister, with critics warning that the far-right candidate's agenda poses a direct threat to the fight for gender and economic equality.

Italy is scheduled to hold its general election on September 25, and "polls are led by Giorgia Meloni's Fratelli d'Italia, part of a right-wing coalition widely expected to secure a majority of seats," historian David Broder, Jacobin's Europe editor, explained Friday. "With her own party backed by around one-quarter of voters, Meloni looks likely to become prime minister."

Taking time away from the Venice International Film Festival to speak with Italy's leading newspaper, Il Corriere della Sera, Clinton warned of "very powerful" anti-democratic forces around the world, including authoritarian demagogues like former U.S. President Donald Trump.

But when asked about the Italian political scene, Clinton said that "the election of the first woman prime minister in a country always represents a break with the past, and that is certainly a good thing."

To her credit, Clinton went on to say, "as with any leader, woman or man, she must be judged by what she does."

"I never agreed with Margaret Thatcher, but I admired her determination," she added, referring to the former British Prime Minister who played an instrumental role in advancing the neoliberal counter-revolution in the United Kingdom.

Thanks in no small part to Clinton and her husband, former U.S. President Bill Clinton, Thatcher's "free market" ideology and upwardly redistributive policies—such as privatization, pro-corporate trade deals, and deregulation of the financial industry—also took hold in the United States, worsening inequality and aiding the ascent of reactionaries like Trump.

Clinton reiterated her same message in an interview clip to be released by Sky's tg24 on Friday night, saying that a win by Meloni would "open doors" for other women even while acknowledging the far-right candidate would still have to be judged by her policies and performance.

According to Broder:

Prefacing her comments on Meloni saying she "doesn't know much about her," Clinton said, "every time a woman is elected to head of state or government, that is a step forward. Then that woman, like a man, has to be judged, on what she stands for, on what she does." There have to be "two parts to the analysis" for though a woman premier would "open doors, that's not the end of the story."

In all fairness, Clinton probably doesn't know much about Meloni, and chose a diplomatic answer; she also told Il Corriere that women leaders are often backed by right-wing parties because such women "are often the first to support the basic pillars of male power and privilege." It is unclear whether their "determination," like Thatcher's, is itself admirable. But if, as Clinton says, Meloni has to be judged "like a man" on how she governs, it's also important to understand why her election will close doors for women.

Exemplifying the kind of pro-natalist ideology that was central to Nazism and has been key to other expressions of fascist politics, "Meloni's party is obsessed with the idea that women are, more than anything else, mothers, while damning the Left (and what she calls 'LGBT lobbies') for working to destroy this connection," Broder wrote.

"One of the party's main slogans is 'God, Fatherland, Family,' and it routinely insists that one of the main focuses of government should be to drive up birth rates in order to avoid the 'extinction of Italians.'" he continued. "This vision of women's role also has a strong homophobic edge. Last October, in one of a series of rallies where she has been hosted by Spanish far-right party Vox, Meloni spoke of the war on 'natural motherhood,' part of the destruction of Christian civilization."

Italy is already home to the highest jobless rate among women in Europe, and over 25% of Italian women workers make less than $9 per hour.

"Fratelli d'Italia would make the situation for precarious and low-paid women harder," Broder wrote, pointing to the party's opposition to a national minimum wage, efforts to eliminate unemployment insurance, and proposal to restrict welfare benefits to mothers.

When it comes to reproductive freedom, regions already governed by Fratelli d'Italia have gone to great lengths to impede abortion access.

Finally, Fratelli d'Italia, like other far-right parties in Europe, has sought to undermine left-wing feminism through what Broder calls "femonationalism." This refers to the racist portrayal of rape and violence against women as foreign imports brought in by immigrants, especially Black and Muslim men—a lie that Meloni and others on the right tell to suggest that pro-immigrant progressives don't care about Italian women.

Given that most Italian women's lives would be made worse by Meloni's election, Broder argued, Clinton's comments exemplify the inadequacy of claiming that the increased representation of women within the upper echelons of the existing social order is an inherent victory even when nothing is done to ameliorate its exploitative and hierarchical structure.

Attacks on economic security and sexual autonomy, including those launched by right-wing women, are completely at odds with the egalitarian aspirations of working-class women who want equal access to well-remunerated jobs and public goods as well as reproductive rights, stressed Broder.

"Meloni may, indeed, become the first woman prime minister," he added, "but she's prepared to trample on plenty of other women to get there."

This content originally appeared on Common Dreams - Breaking News & Views for the Progressive Community and was authored by Kenny Stancil.